Business and Society Test 2 Practice

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• The term race to the bottom refers to moving production jobs to the country with the lowest what?
• Explain intrinsic value with instrumental value in business ethics.
• Rights-based ethics in business primarily emphasizes which of the following?
• The stat about minority-owned business ownership being over half in 2015 identifies which group as the owner majority?
• Legitimacy theory vs stakeholder theory explanations for CSR activities: which statement is correct?
• Representation on the World Bank's board of directors is based on which criterion?
• Under the Family and Medical Leave Act, employees are eligible for up to how many weeks of unpaid leave?
• Which statement best reflects the role of voluntary CSR disclosure?
• Business managers need a set of ethical guidelines to help them
• Define stakeholder salience and identify its three attributes used to determine it.
• How do macro-level societal issues differ from micro-level CSR initiatives within a firm?
• In the discussed case, how did the public sector help reduce trade in conflict minerals?
• Which statement correctly differentiates impact metrics from output metrics in CSR measurement?
• Integrity-based ethics programs are described as combining which elements?
• Why does inclusion of women on corporate boards improve company performance?
• Which type of U.S. company is required to follow the Family and Medical Leave Act and offer up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave to address family needs?
• What is a supplier code of conduct and why is it important in CSR?
• Why is transparency important in corporate governance?
• The unspoken understanding among employees about acceptable behavior is called:
• Which informal network is cited as a barrier to advancement for women and minorities?
• In ESG analysis, which component is associated with governance practices such as board structure and executive compensation?
• An argument against affirmative action is
• Which factor is NOT listed as a core component of ethical performance?
• Data ethics can be defined as principles governing which aspects of data?
• What does agency theory analyze in corporate governance?
• Which law protects Xiuying from job discrimination based on race, color, gender, religion, or national origin?
• The unspoken understanding among employees of what is and is not acceptable behavior is called what?
• Which organizational response aligns with increasing spirituality at work?
• An example of a Global Action Network, or GAN, is:
• Which statement best summarizes the concept of shared value?
• What was the primary ethical challenge between Vale Mining and their auditor, TUV SUD, according to the case?
• A purchasing agent directing her company's orders to a firm from which she received a valuable gift, is an example of:
• The growth of nongovernmental organizations is attributed to what societal condition?
• What is the purpose of the World Trade Organization?
• What are the main components of integrated reporting?
• One factor in determining the moral intensity of an ethical issue is how quickly the consequences take effect, a factor that is known as?
• Racial harassment is illegal under
• A recent study found that, compared to the 1980s, managers today place what level of importance on moral values like honesty and forgiveness?
• Which statement best captures Aristotle's view of virtue?
• What issue did Intel address by responsible sourcing guidelines?
• What is the main drawback to utilitarian reasoning?
• SASB role in sustainability reporting
• Historically, global corporations have focused their attention on which income level(s)?
• Building ethical safeguards into a company's everyday routines is called what?
• Ethical performance in a company is best supported when it aligns with which of the following?
• In marketing ethics, the top concerns include consumer health and safety, honesty and transparency in advertising, and customer privacy, especially for children. Which option reflects all these concerns?
• Relativism and universalism; which statement is true?
• How can corporate political activity affect risk and legitimacy?
• The Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 is associated with which area of law?
• The ethics-policy related question is primarily about what managerial task?
• Multisector partnerships that address specific social issues in the global economy are called what?
• ESG stands for Environmental, Social, Governance. Investors use ESG criteria to evaluate firms for risk and long-term value. Which set of terms correctly represents the ESG meaning?
• Bias in hiring refers to selecting only candidates that fit a preconceived ideal of the role.
• Which ethical framework emphasizes following moral rules regardless of outcomes?
• What is the normative purpose of business in society?
• Critics of globalization claim job insecurity arises because:
• In a global action network, which scenario best explains its effectiveness?
• Which law eliminated certain time restrictions for filing pay discrimination lawsuits?
• According to the U.S. Corporate Sentencing Guidelines, the degree of blame in sentencing when an employee commits a crime is determined by:
• Which company was noted for distance from human rights abuses associated with conflict minerals?
• The 2015 statistic indicates minority-owned businesses were predominantly owned by which group?
• Which U.S. act prohibits executives of U.S.-based companies from paying bribes to foreign government officials, political parties, or political candidates?
• Which type of ethical issue did 3M face regarding price-gouging accusations, according to the case?
• Compare compliance-based ethics programs with values-based ethics programs.
• One action to effectively manage diversity and inclusion is to:
• As a factor of moral intensity, how does proximity of an issue affect the decision maker?
• A conception of right and wrong is:
• In early adulthood, young people can improve their level of moral reasoning by
• Which statement best captures utilitarianism in ethical decision making?
• According to the textbook, Asian American men now have higher median weekly earnings than white American menprimarily because?
• Which factor primarily determines representation on the World Bank's board of directors?
• Ethics policies typically cover all of the following issues except:
• In stakeholder mapping, what does 'urgency' refer to?
• The 2015 data shows majority ownership by which group within minority-owned businesses?
• Which demographic owned the majority of minority-owned businesses in 2015?
• According to Aristotle, moral virtue is a mean between two?
• The blend of ideas, customs, company values, and shared meanings within a firm are referred to as its
• Which demographic group is identified as owning more than half of minority-owned businesses in 2015?
• Using the described framework, how would you classify the ethical climate of Vale Mining Company?
• One of the most common reasons sexual harassment occurs on the job is
• In a global action network, business may exhibit which weakness?
• Which statement describes the circular economy principle?
• What was Intel's primary interest in sourcing materials, according to the case?
• Which concept explains why nations gain from trade by producing goods for which they have a relative efficiency advantage?
• If a manager approaches ethics with benevolence in mind, he or she would stress which of the following?
• Which governance mechanism is typically used to align incentives between owners and managers under agency theory?
• Which statement best describes the primary goal of a vulture fund?
• An argument against affirmative action notes that it conflicts with which principles?
• Explain materiality in CSR reporting and how it is determined.
• Bottom-of-the-pyramid income adjustments are based on a country's overall what?
• Income at the bottom of the pyramid may be adjusted per country according to its overall what?
• The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 changed the legal framework for pay discrimination by eliminating what?
• Based on evidence provided in the case, how effective were Vale Mining Company's ethical safeguards?
• Globalization and offshoring influence CSR considerations by?
• Which statement best describes ethical relativism?
• In 2015, more than 50 percent of minority-owned businesses were owned by which group?
• Why is it important for an ethical decision maker to consider the probability that the action will lead to the consequences predicted?
• What evidence of weak labor laws in African mineral mining did the case present?
• Differentiate mandatory disclosure from voluntary CSR disclosure.
• Which factor of moral intensity likely played the biggest role in 3M's response to FEMA's request, according to the case?
• Which type of employee is most likely to report ethical issues in the workplace?
• What is responsible innovation and why is it important for business and society?
• In the year 2015, ownership of the majority of minority-owned businesses was by which group?
• Mature adults base ethical reasoning on broad principles such as
• What is a common challenge SMEs face in implementing CSR and a recommended approach?
• Which statement is NOT a potential benefit of the circular economy?
• People's ethical principles come from which sources?
• How did Intel address conflict minerals in its supply chain?
• According to Figure 5.1, a normative reason for business to be ethical is to promote personal morality.
• In 2019, more than 50 percent of minority-owned businesses were owned by which group?
• The MFN rule discussed in the material pertains to which domain?
• Which foreign mandate is considered one of the most powerful anti-corruption laws in the world?
• Which law is cited as prohibiting bribery of foreign officials by U.S.-based company executives?
• Temporal immediacy is defined as?
• Ethical climate is best described as which of the following?
• In a business ethics context, how do normative ethics and descriptive ethics differ?
• Which statement best matches the historical focus of global corporations on income groups?
• Which option correctly pairs Carroll's CSR levels with their typical examples?
• Stakeholder mapping using power, legitimacy, and urgency is used to do what?
• What legal protection addresses racial harassment in the workplace?
• Corporate social performance is best described as
• At what stage of moral development would you classify a decision that focuses only on how U.S. customers are affected?
• Which of the following is NOT typically measured in an LCA?
• Many executives believe that a diverse workforce boosts innovation because?
• Life-cycle assessment measures environmental impacts of a product from cradle to grave, including which of the following?
• Which statement best describes the typical activity of a vulture fund?
• If you cite the 2015 data, the majority ownership of minority-owned businesses belonged to which group?
• The leading ownership group among minority-owned businesses in 2015 was which of the following?
• Which theory explains CSR as a response to external social expectations to maintain society's approval and license to operate?
• DEI initiatives contribute to CSR and business performance by improving which of the following?
• Why do some disagree with the trend toward a stronger presence of religion in the workplace?
• Within society, what is the primary goal of the civil sector?
• What does environmental sustainability mean in business terms and give an example.
• Global market channels involve a firm producing goods in their home country to sell to other countries.
• Which statement best describes stakeholder theory's view of corporate purpose?
• What are the three dimensions of the triple bottom line?
• A society where economic power is concentrated in the hands of government officials and political authorities is called?
• What signals a giant step toward improving ethical performance throughout the company?
• Name two ethical decision-making frameworks described and how they guide choices.
• How is modern slavery linked to supply chain CSR, and what strategies address it?
• A manager at moral reasoning level 4, full adulthood, would likely respond to a new government regulation by
• Who was Vale Mining's auditor in the case?
• The Kimberley Process is best described as an initiative to certify diamonds as conflict-free.
• The civil sector's primary aim within society is which of the following?
• In 2019, minority-owned businesses were predominantly owned by which group?
• Government rules on equal employment opportunity include?
• Which law eliminated certain time restrictions for filing pay discrimination lawsuits?
• Which statement defines greenwashing?
• Which evidence supported the claim of weak labor laws in mining communities?
• The theory of comparative advantage posits productivity rises most when countries specialize in producing goods for which they have a:
• The International Monetary Fund is primarily concerned with which function?
• Which set of institutions is described as setting the rules by which international commerce is transacted?
• GRI framework purpose?
• A firm that has global operations has?
• The core components upon which a company's ethical performance depends include:
• An ethics issue based on cross-cultural contradictions is best illustrated by which example?
• What does GAN stand for?
• Which law protects employees from job discrimination based on race, color, gender, religion, or national origin?
• Which law protects against job discrimination as described in the case?
• The 2015 data on minority-owned businesses show ownership led by which group?
• What is one reason why women and minorities fail to move into executive or board positions?
• How do philanthropy and strategic CSR differ? Provide an example.
• Which line from the case implied racial bias?
• Vale Mining's ethical climate was described as which of the following?
• By law, the financial records of publicly held companies are required to be
• Experts attribute the growth of nongovernmental organizations to
• Which type of bias is demonstrated by hiring practices that rely on names?
• Which group accounted for the largest ownership share among minority-owned businesses in 2015?
• Publicly held companies' financial records must be audited by which type of entity?
• Among minority-owned businesses in 2015, ownership was led by which group?
• Risk governance in CSR reporting refers to what?
• What is the correct description of hiring bias?
• Why is data ethics important in modern business?
• Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, what are corporations required to do regarding financial reports?
• Which statements accurately characterize women in the U.S. workforce?
• A normative purpose of business includes contributing to social well-being by doing what?
• Environmental regulations influence corporate strategy by which combination of effects?
• In 2015, which group owned more than half of minority-owned businesses?
• Which statement best describes corporate governance and why it is essential?
• The purpose of the World Trade Organization is to?
• A just or fair ethical decision occurs when?
• Global action networks are best described as which of the following?
• Which statement best describes responsible marketing and its relation to consumer protection?
• The higher median weekly earnings for Asian American men are attributed mainly to which factor?
• Which metric is least useful for assessing ethics program effectiveness?
• People everywhere depend on ethical systems to tell them whether actions are:
• Based on 2015 figures, minority-owned businesses were primarily owned by which group?
• Differences in what people consider meaning of justice can lead to
• The uncertainty of an ethical decision arises because
• What are the long-term effects of ethical leadership on CSR outcomes?
• How can firms demonstrate a robust business case for CSR initiatives?
• In the stages of moral development, egocentric reasoning applies to which age groups?
• The rejection reason implies which type of bias?
• Why is reputation critical for firms in the context of business and society?
• The primary purpose of the International Monetary Fund is to?
• The World Bank, IMF, and WTO are important because they set the rules by which international commerce is transacted.
• A critic of globalization might argue that companies decide to manufacture in China mainly because of China's:
• The growing diversity in the U.S. workforce is due to which of the following?
• Which strategies support addressing modern slavery in supply chains?
• A global action network exhibits which characteristic?
• Under the World Trade Organization's most-favored nation rule, import restrictions are?
• Which group accounts for the largest share of minority-owned businesses in 2015?
• The deep anti-Americanism in some parts of the world is thought to be caused by?
• Which statement best describes the impact of ethical leadership on CSR outcomes?
• Which ethical framework emphasizes following moral rules and duties rather than outcomes?
• Name the ILO core labor standards relevant to supply chains.
• Why are ethics policies or codes important to business managers?
• Which component is not considered during a risk-assessment audit to gauge ethics program effectiveness?
• In the context of equal employment opportunity, affirmative action plans are intended to?
• Which Carroll's pyramid level is primarily concerned with profitability?
• Which option best captures the two broad principles cited as examples of mature ethical reasoning?
• What is integrated reporting intended to communicate?
• Intel's primary interest in mineral mining was to distance themselves from what?
• The claim that diversity boosts innovation rests on the idea that?
• What does an effective ethical risk mitigation program typically include?
• Which item is not a commitment of the Principles of the Code of Professional Conduct of the AICPA?
• Integrity-based ethics programs emphasize responsibility alongside compliance with the law. This is best described as?
• Which method is NOT effective in detecting greenwashing?
• Which elements constitute effective stakeholder engagement?
• Responsible marketing is best described as which of the following?
• Which factor of moral intensity likely played the biggest role in 3M's response to FEMA's request?
• Which statement best reflects a reason for opposition to religion in the workplace as discussed?
• People's ethical principles come from
• Which statement best encapsulates the main ethical concern in the discussed case?
• If an CSR measurement program relies only on output metrics, what key limitation might arise?
• Ethical relativism is most accurately defined by which statement?
• Which type of organization typically conducts regular, ongoing ethics training?
• Explain the concept of a license to operate and how companies maintain it.
• Benefits of managing diversity and inclusion effectively include all except
• Which statement best exemplifies a best-practice stakeholder engagement approach?
• Which combination represents common ESG risk categories that firms monitor?
• Which statement best describes stakeholder theory in contrast to shareholder primacy?
• As spirituality in the workplace has increased, some organizations have:
• How did the public sector help reduce trade in conflict minerals, according to the case?
• Which approach is most essential for managing CSR risks in globally dispersed supply chains?
• Define ethical risk and suggest mitigations within business operations.
• Which pair correctly identifies examples of internal and external stakeholders?
• What is identified as the primary type of ethics policy in the United States?
• If senior leaders demonstrate ethics as a priority, what is the most likely outcome?